With which system is differential control associated?

Differential control is primarily associated with ailerons. Ailerons are hinged flight control surfaces located on the wings of an aircraft that control roll and, consequently, the aircraft's lateral stability. When a pilot applies differential control using the ailerons, one aileron moves upward while the other moves downward. This action creates varying amounts of lift on each wing, which helps to facilitate a smooth and coordinated roll movement.

The concept of differential control is particularly important in ensuring that the aircraft responds effectively to the pilot's inputs without causing excessive yaw or adverse effects that could impair flight control. Using ailerons in this way helps maintain a balanced flight path, especially during turns, where the aircraft needs to roll to change direction while minimizing side slip.

While trim, rudder, and elevator are also critical components of an aircraft’s control system, they serve different functions. Trim is used to relieve pilot workload and maintain a desired flight attitude with minimal control input, the rudder is primarily for yaw control and maintaining coordinated flight, and the elevator is responsible for controlling pitch. Therefore, differential control specifically relates to the action and purpose of ailerons in flight dynamics.